Oak woodlands and particular montados in Portugal and dehesas in Spain are the dominant land use systems in southern Iberia.

Montados and dehesas have high conservation and socioeconomic value.

Low tree recruitment may however affect the long term sustainability of these systems.

In this project we aimed to show the effects of temporary grazing exclusion on the regeneration of cork and holm oak trees and the potential positive effects on tree recruitment induced by the maintenance of habitat patches favoured by wildlife species that act as acorn dispersers.